SMS messaging has become an integral part of every mobile phone and for the past decade every mobile device be it a smartphone or a simple mobile phone has come with an sms messaging feature.
Understanding how this application works can open new horizons and opportunities for android developers. Today in this article we would try to explain how you can send an sms programmatically in android.
Launch your Eclipse IDE and create a new project, name it AndroidSMS.
The android operating system uses a permission based policy, all the permissions required by an application must be defined in AndroidManifest.xml file.
Now open your AndroidManifest.xml file and include the permission to send sms messages to it. After adding, your AndroidManifest.xml must look like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="net.learn2develop.SMSMessaging" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".SMS" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"> </uses-permission> </manifest>
Actually this is the line you have to add to your AndroidManifest.xml
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"> </uses-permission>
Now you have to create a user interface for your application. The user interface would be used by the user to enter the reciever’s phone number and the text of the message.
For that go to Res/layout folder and locate the file main.xml. Open that file and include the following code it in :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Enter the phone number of recipient" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/txtPhoneNo" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Message" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/txtMessage" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="150px" android:gravity="top" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnSendSMS" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Send SMS" /> </LinearLayout>
The above code would create an interface that would resemble this picture below:
In the above illustration, you can see a button labeled as “Send SMS” when the user would click this button, the application is supposed to send the sms message to the recipient. To embed this functionality to the button, here is what you have to do:
import android.app.Activity; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.telephony.gsm.SmsManager; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast; public class SMS extends Activity { Button btnSendSMS; EditText txtPhoneNo; EditText txtMessage; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); btnSendSMS = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSendSMS); txtPhoneNo = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtPhoneNo); txtMessage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtMessage); btnSendSMS.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { String phoneNo = txtPhoneNo.getText().toString(); String message = txtMessage.getText().toString(); if (phoneNo.length()>0 && message.length()>0) sendSMS(phoneNo, message); else Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Please enter both phone number and message.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } }
And this brings to the heart of this application, the function that would actually send the sms.
Here is the code for that :
public class SMS extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { //... } //---sends an SMS message to another device--- private void sendSMS(String phoneNumber, String message) { PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, SMS.class), 0); SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault(); sms.sendTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, message, pi, null); } }
To send an SMS message, you use the SmsManager class. Unlike other classes, you do not directly instantiate this class; instead you will call the getDefault() static method to obtain an SmsManager object. The sendTextMessage()method sends the SMS message with a PendingIntent. The PendingIntent object is used to identify a target to invoke at a later time. For example, after sending the message, you can use a PendingIntent object to display another activity. In this case, the PendingIntent object (pi) is simply pointing to the same activity (SMS.java), so when the SMS is sent, nothing will happen.
1 Comment
Hi to all members on this community i am thanks to the administrator of this forum for approve my account i am sure here i got better knowledge thanks again. My name is Ronald.